Happy Christmas to all of our members, followers, friends, and most importantly participants in the Irish Garden Bird Survey! We're now in Week 4 of the survey. As the winter continues, temperatures drop and food in the wider countryside is depleted, birds will be more and more reliant on your gardens in the coming weeks - so keep your eyes peeled!
For anyone away from their garden over christmas, don't worry if you miss a week or two of the survey - just continue again when you do get home!
Given the week that's in it, there was only bird that could be species of the week....
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Species Profile: Robin
As Gaeilge: 'Spideog'
Irish Garden Bird Survey Ranking 2017/18: 1st place - recorded in every single garden!
Conservation status: Green-listed in Ireland, with around 3 million pairs breeding here each summer.
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| Not photoshopped! This photo, by Ian Wilson in the UK, is of a Robin with partial leucism - a genetic condition giving it white feathers, that just so happen to resemble a white beard! |
Did You know? Robins & Christmas
As we all know, Robins are very strongly associated with Christmas. But do you know why?
- One of the reasons is that Robins are one of very few species that sing all year round, meaning they really stand out at this time of year.
- Another is that they're so common and closely linked to gardens and towns. Every single one of the gardens that took part in 10+ weeks of the Irish Garden Bird Survey last year had at least one Robin! They're quite confiding too, so happily come within a few feet of people - unlike other species.
- Their colour helps too! The splash of red on their breast is very noticeable, especially in the dull winter months. The red berries of Holly have been associated with christmas and winter pagan festivals for the same reason.
- In Victorian England, where most of our modern Christmas traditions came from, the postmen wore long red coats. As christmas approached, and more and more letters and christmas cards were being sent, people would eagerly look out for the red-clad postmen. At the same time, Robins were very noticeable in the gardens and towns, so people began associating the two and affectionately referring to postmen as the Robins. Over a hundred years later and Robins are still popular on the front of christmas cards and as decorations on wreaths and trees!
- Given their colour and winter song, Robins were considered to represent the new year in pagan and pre-christian tradition, and the Wren was thought to represent the past year. This is one of the reasons we have "Wren Day" on St. Stephens Day.
Robin. Photo by B. Burke
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| Robin. Photo by B. Burke |
Other (non-Christmas) facts about Robins:
- Though we are used to Robins that are quite confident and confiding around humans in the garden, that's only the case in Ireland and the UK. Elsewhere in Europe, Robins are often quite shy and are a true woodland bird.
- When it comes to singing, Robins are usually one of the first species to start singing in the morning and one of the last ones to stop. Where there is artificial light from buildings and street lamps, they can be heard singing during the night.
- Robins have more than one brood per year, and in some cases the male can be feeding the first brood while the female is incubating the second clutch!
- Their latin name is Erithacus rubecula - meaning 'solitary little red one' - very apt!
- Their territoriality really does come down to them 'seeing red' - the red colour of other Robins is largely what triggers their aggression, and they've been known to attack objects like socks and handkerchiefs with a similar red colour during the breeding season. When Robin chicks fledge, they have a speckled brown appearance, but no red yet, which stops them getting into a fight when they wander into an adult's territory!
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| Adult and fledgling Robin. Photo by C. Timmons |
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| Robin. Photo by B. Burke |
How long do they live?
The oldest known Robin in Ireland and Britain was 8 years, 4 months and 30 days old, but their typical lifespan is only 2 years - much shorter than people think. Incredibly, the oldest Robin in Europe was over 19 years old, ringed in the Czech Republic and killed in Poland.
What do they feed on?
As a traditional woodland bird their preference is for insects to feed on, but they will readily come to bird feeders with seeds, peanuts, fruit and fat balls. Mealworms are a good food to give them, and some people have managed to 'train' their garden Robin to take mealworms from their hand!
Irish Garden Bird Survey Trends:
Robins have been in 1st place in 17 of the last 20 winters of the Irish Garden Bird Survey. Two of those years they shared first-place with the Blackbird. In the other 3 years they came a very close 2nd, behind the Blackbird. On average over the last 20 years Robins have been recorded in over 99% of Irish gardens!
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| Robin. Photo by D. Owens |
They're common in gardens throughout the full 13 weeks of the garden bird survey (i.e. Dec-Feb), with a slight increase as the weeks go on. It's likely that by the latter weeks of the Garden Bird Survey many Robins have paired up and are thinking of breeding, so that's another reason why you're probably only seeing one Robin in your garden at the start of the survey but are regularly seeing two by February.
This graph shows the average number of Robins per garden during each year of the Irish garden bird survey – a pretty stable trend down through the years, with occasional spikes in numbers after a good season (they can be pretty prolific breeders when the weather allows!)
Movements and Migration:
In Ireland, Robins are largely resident. In general the males will stay put all year round to hold their territory, and many females will leave the breeding areas in the autumn and return in spring. The females don't usually travel very far, but will seek out an area with higher survival chances (i.e. good food supply, warmer temperatures etc) but that maybe wasn't suitable during the summer as they lacked sites for nesting. A very small minority of Robins, largely female, may also move abroad for the winter.
We also get a small number of Robins from northern Europe; some moving through in autumn on their way further south in Europe, and others staying put for the winter. This occurs more so in colder winters.
We also get a small number of Robins from northern Europe; some moving through in autumn on their way further south in Europe, and others staying put for the winter. This occurs more so in colder winters.
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Robins from Britain & Ireland caught elsewhere.
https://app.bto.org/ring/countyrec/resultsall/rec10990all.htm for full details
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How can I help Robins?
It's worth remembering that this is actually a good time of year to put out nestboxes in advance of next year! Robins use a specific type of nextbox with an open-front, ideally 1-2m off the ground and placed in a dense shrub or somewhere else that provides shelter from weather and predators - amongst thick ivy or creeping plants should also work. Wrens and Pied Wagtails might also decide to use this type of nestbox, or Blackbirds if the nestbox is big enough.
You can find designs to build your own nestbox on the BirdWatch Ireland website here, or alternatively we sell a number of different types of nestboxes in our shop that are sure to suit your garden – see our selection here.
You can find designs to build your own nestbox on the BirdWatch Ireland website here, or alternatively we sell a number of different types of nestboxes in our shop that are sure to suit your garden – see our selection here.
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| Robin. Photo by K. Murphy |
Given their dominance at the top of the Irish Garden Bird Survey charts every year, it's no surprise that Robins are more than happy to avail of a variety of foods supplied in gardens - mealworms, peanuts, seeds, fruit and fatballs.
See our selection of bird foods and variety of feeder types at this link, or visit our shop in our Wicklow HQ.
This year we also have the very popular singing Robin soft toy! They're soft and cuddly and play a Robin call when you squeeze them! Get them at our shop at the link below, while stocks last.
Call into our shop in Wicklow or get in touch at info@birdwatchireland.ie to see if we have your favourite species in stock!
Lastly, to help Robins and your other garden birds you can become a member of BirdWatch Ireland. Membership makes an ideal Christmas gift – one that keeps on giving throughout the year.
With your membership pack you'll get a free gift, a poster of Irish Garden Birds, a poster of Irish Sea Birds, a pin badge, loads of information on how to attract birds to your garden, and our famous Wings magazine will be delivered to your door four times per year.
Under 18's and family memberships will also receive our 'Bird Detectives' activity magazine twice a year, filled with fun and educational activities!
I hope you've learned something new about Robins through this species profile - if there's a species you'd like us to cover later in the winter please let us know on facebook or twitter!
And if you're not taking part already, consider taking part in our Garden Bird Survey this winter - and spread the word to friends and family - the more the merrier!
